Understanding the Types of Health Screening You Should Be Getting

Regardless of your current health or medical history, you could be in the early stages of a serious health problem without knowing it. Many health conditions develop slowly, initially showing little or no symptoms. This is why early detection through preventative health services is so important.

Preventative care enables professionals to identify early signs of health complications, allowing for timely intervention before they progress into more serious issues. After completing the necessary tests, health professionals can use the results to identify risk factors, address potential health concerns, and develop a personalized plan to support your overall wellness.

What Is Health Screening?

Preventative care often comes in the form of health screenings. Health screenings cover a wide range of potential medical conditions, including but not limited to different types of cancers (such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, and many more), prediabetes, high cholesterol, osteoporosis, high blood pressure, sexually transmitted diseases, and mental health conditions. Screenings may also include tests for conditions like hepatitis C, and obesity, among others. Immunizations, such as vaccines for hepatitis C and other illnesses, also play a crucial role in preventative care.

Health screening refers to a variety of tests and assessments that provide doctors with vital information to determine if you are at high risk for specific health issues. These can range from a simple physical exam to blood tests or more in-depth medical procedures depending on the information your doctor needs to evaluate. For example, your body mass index (BMI) might be checked to assess your risk of obesity-related conditions, or a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test might be recommended to screen for prostate cancer.

Types of Screenings

Many different tests fall under the umbrella of health screenings, and the types of screenings you receive may depend on factors like age, gender, family history, and lifestyle. For instance, women in their 40s with a family history of heart disease would likely need different screenings than a 20-year-old man with a family history of colorectal cancer.

While health screenings vary by individual, there are several common types that most people are recommended to have at some point in their lives.

Cholesterol Screenings

Cholesterol tests are a crucial screening tool to determine if you are at risk for heart disease. Cholesterol comes in two main forms: LDL (bad cholesterol) and HDL (good cholesterol). High LDL levels can lead to plaque buildup in the arteries, increasing the risk of heart disease and stroke. A cholesterol screening is a blood test that reveals the levels of each type of cholesterol in the blood.

It is generally recommended to get cholesterol screenings at least once every 2-5 years if you are in your 20s or 30s, with increased frequency as you age. If your cholesterol levels are high, you may be advised to make lifestyle changes or consider medication to help reduce your risk.

Cancer Screenings

Cancer screenings are vital because they can help detect cancer early, often before symptoms develop. Early detection can significantly improve the chances of successful treatment.

Mammogram

A mammogram is a common screening test used to detect breast cancer early. It involves taking an X-ray of the breast to look for signs of cancer, such as lumps or changes in tissue density. Typically, it’s recommended that women begin getting annual mammograms around age 40, although those with a family history of breast cancer may start earlier.

Cervical Cancer Screening

Cervical cancer screenings typically involve a Pap test (Pap smear) or an HPV test. A Pap test looks for precancerous cells on the cervix, which can help detect cervical cancer early. The HPV test screens for the human papillomavirus, which can cause changes in cervical cells and potentially lead to cancer if left untreated. Regular cervical screenings are essential for women’s health and are often recommended every three years for women starting in their early 20s or when they become sexually active.

Prostate Cancer Screening

For men, especially those over 50 or with a family history of prostate cancer, screening is important to detect early signs of the disease. The PSA test measures the level of prostate-specific antigen in the blood. Elevated PSA levels may indicate prostate cancer or other prostate-related issues. Early detection through PSA screening can allow for treatment before the cancer progresses.

Lung Cancer Screening

Lung cancer screenings are recommended for those over 50, especially if they have a history of heavy smoking. However, even if you’ve never smoked, it’s possible to be at risk, so it’s best to discuss this screening with your doctor. A low-dose CT scan can detect lung cancer early, allowing for more treatment options and a better chance of recovery.

Colonoscopies

A colonoscopy is an exam that uses a small camera to inspect the interior of the colon and rectum, looking for polyps or other early signs of colon cancer. Regular colonoscopies are recommended starting at age 45 or earlier if you have a family history of colorectal cancer. Detecting polyps early can prevent them from becoming cancerous, making this screening an essential part of preventive care.

Blood Pressure Tests

Blood pressure tests are one of the most common and critical routine screenings. High blood pressure (hypertension) can lead to severe health issues like heart disease, stroke, and kidney damage if left unmanaged. A blood pressure test is quick and painless and should be a regular part of any physical exam, especially as you age or if you have a family history of hypertension.

BMI and Obesity Screening

Maintaining a healthy weight is crucial for reducing the risk of several diseases, including heart disease, diabetes, and certain cancers. Your body mass index (BMI) is a measurement that provides insight into whether you are at a healthy weight for your height. This measurement helps assess your risk for conditions associated with obesity, such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. If your BMI is high, your doctor may recommend lifestyle changes to help you achieve a healthier weight.

Mental Health Screenings

Mental health is a significant aspect of overall wellness, yet it’s often overlooked. Depression, anxiety, and other mental health conditions can impact every part of your life, from your physical health to your relationships. Regular mental health screenings can help identify issues early, and many primary care providers are now incorporating mental health assessments as part of routine check-ups.

Get Ahead of It with Screenings

Taking control of your health doesn’t mean living in fear – it means gaining peace of mind. Preventative screenings allow you to stay informed about your health and take proactive steps to live a long, healthy life. Health screenings give you the information you need to make informed decisions, helping you avoid complications and focus on well-being.

If you’re unsure what screenings you should be getting, it’s a good idea to consult your primary care physician. They can recommend screenings based on your age, family history, and other factors, ensuring you get the right tests at the right time.

For over 50 years, our primary care providers at Meridian HealthCare have served the Mahoning Valley with comprehensive health and wellness services, including regular screenings, preventative care, and whole-body wellness practices. If you’re looking for a PCP who prioritizes your well-being, contact Meridian HealthCare today to start your journey toward better health.